Transmutation works only for 95 level armor. One you have is probably 94.
Materials you marked in second picture are from "Mysterious shards" found in "Boxes with loot" which can be bought from pvp and astral academy npcs or after killing bosses in astral allods, distortions and observatory. If you open those with astral key you get shard with material, opening without keys (or helping hand active) produces dust.